Welcome to the Shipwright’s Blog

If you’ve come by this page in the past and were hoping that we’d have more in-depth or up-to-date information about what’s been going on with the restoration… we hear you.  I’m one of the shipwrights working on the Charles W. Morgan, and I’ll be doing weekly update on the project.  If there are things that you want to hear more about, or that aren’t explained clearly… anything at all, drop me  a note and I’ll try to cover it.  Just click on the little speech balloon to the upper right of any post and a comment window will open up.

In the near future, we’ll be playing around with our site format, so this page may look different as we try some things out.  We’ll strive to make it easy to find the information you’re looking for, and easy to follow.

If you’d like to peruse some panoramic photos from the various construction areas on the boat, you can find them on the Interactive Panoramas page (click here or follow the link at the lower left of any page)

To go back to the Charles W. Morgan Restoration page, click here.

Work at the stern

If you come by the shipyard, one of the first things you’ll notice is the giant shed enclosing the Morgan.

Many people don’t even realize that there’s a boat inside there when they first see it. If you’d come by last December, it would have been a little more obvious.

We wrapped everything up to make it more tolerable to work on the outside of the boat in the cold and rain. Unfortunately, that also means that it’s harder to see the work that’s going on in the upper areas of the boat. Today we’ll look at the transom.

Last fall, some of the shipwrights uncovered some serious rot issues in the transom. They were hoping that the rotten inner planking they observed would be just a localized phenomenon. Unfortunately, it was one of those situations where the deeper they looked, the deeper the problem went.

When the excavating was done, they concluded that the transom timber, the tail feathers, and all of the transom planking needed replacement. That’s a really big job. I’ll have more photos of that in a bit, but for now I’ll just give you an overview.

The transom timber is the biggest piece to be replaced in this operation. It runs the width of the boat, and all of the timbers that form the transom frame rest on it and another timber called the Rider (which rides on top of the transom timber).

Here, Walt and Roger are standing in the captains cabin, looking over the area where the transom timber used to be.

You’re looking in through an opening in the port side of the boat. The tail feathers are coming down from the upper right. The large dark timber in the foreground is The brown wood sloping up from below to the right is the inner face of the planking. The transom timber is shaped so that the curved, sloping planking lands on it.

The elegant painted paneling of the cabin is a sharp contrast to the rugged timbers the make up the structure of the vessel.

All those wedges were there to help move the transom timber up so that it could be chainsawed out, piece by piece. Given that it weighs in at around 2,000 pounds, no one considered taking it out whole for more than a minute.

Walt is reaching out towards one of the tail feathers. You can also see the metal plates and turnbuckles used to support them. Once the transom timber and rider were removed, these parts would have started to sag down from their own weight unless they were supported.

It’s a real trick, removing such a major support structure and keeping the boat from shifting and sagging. It’s critical in an operation like this to make sure that everything is held solidly right where it was before the support was removed. To this end, Walt and the aft crew fabricated a whole system of supports to shore up the transom.


 Photo: Kane Borden

Replacing the transom timber require careful measuring and templating of both the existing part and the void left behind. Walt took that data and used it to shape the new timber. Once the initial layout was established, it was time to take off quite a bit of wood. A chain saw helped to take off some of the bigger chunks.

And for doing the shaping, there was no better way to go than with big hand tools. The process starts with a broad axe,

and finishes with an adze and hand planes.

We’re going to have much more on this soon…

The Sound of Caulking

As you approach the boat these days, you’ll probably hear a kind of rhythmic, chirping, tapping sound. Most likely, that’s the sound of caulkers driving caulking into the seams.  Caulkers have a number of specialized tools for their work.  The most obvious is the caulking mallet.

The head is made of a very hard wood, and a good mallet will have a distinctive sharp ringing sound when striking the iron.

Next to the mallets picture above are a variety of caulking irons.  Although they look like chisels, their edges are in fact shaped to drive the caulking material into the seam rather than to cut it.  This is just a small sampling, there are many many sizes and shapes of caulking irons.

There are two layers of material we use for caulking.  The inner layer is cotton.  This is what Gino is driving in here.

Oakum is next driven into the seam on top of the cotton.  Oakum is a coarse hemp fiber that’s been treated with pine tar.  Evie is driving oakum here.

Caulking is only part of what keeps the water out of a boat’s seams.  The first layer of defense is a tight wood-to-wood joint along the plank seam.  That goes up about 1/3 of the plank width.   There is a V-shaped caulking seam in the outer 2/3 of the plank.  Into this seam is driven cotton and oakum as you see above.  Finally, the outer seam is packed with seam compound, a flexible, sticky substance.  In the old days they might use tallow and rosin.  Modern boats will likely use a product specifically designed for this purpose such as the ones pictured here.   We’ve often used a home-made mixture of roofing tar and portland cement for the larger boats here at the seaport.

Guest plank hangers!

Wooden boat was a great success I’d say. Many of the shipyard staff stayed around the boat all weekend answering questions, trading stories, and generally helping to make sense of the repair process. We put up two planks over the weekend, and each time recruited volunteers to help. For a lot of people, being a part of that was a real highlight to their visit.

We put out the word that people wanting to help should gather by the steam box and get a hard hat.

Continue reading

Wooden boat show!

We spent the day chatting about the Morgan to the crowds coming in for the Wooden Boat Show. Tom jackson of Wooden Boat Magazine has organized a number of demonstrations that we’ll be doing for the people coming by. Today was spiling, trunneling, wood-epoxy boat building, and steaming planks. The plank steaming is particularly cool because we invite members of the public to help with the whole process of lifting and installing planks. Tomorrow the schedule is:

10:00 a.m. — Trunnel fastening (Shipyard crew)
11:30 a.m. — Steam bending (Shipyard crew)
1:00 p.m. — Caulking (Shipyard crew)
2:30 p.m. — Traditional small boat structures (Harry Bryan, Paint Shed)
4:00 p.m. — CHARLES W. MORGAN Rigging (Matt Otto, Paint Shed)
2:30 – 4:30 p.m. — Rossi Mill collections open house (Scott Noseworthy)
4:00 p.m. — CHARLES W. MORGAN tours/Quentin Snediker

I’ll try to get photos for these. Today was all about talking to people…

A bit on how those big planks are installed

These days, most of us are involved in replacing planking .  There are two main areas where we’re working.  The one you’ll see if you come by the ship is the lower hull planking.  These are the 3” thick oak and yellow pine planks that take just about the whole shipyard crew to pick up and  position against the frames.  You can see this in action in the video link on the right side of the page.

We use a few things to hold the planks up against the hull that you won’t find in a yard building smaller boats.  The first is called a ring staff.  This is a 4×4 oak beam with one end cut down to a kind of thick pencil point.  You can see it to the left of Jeff here.

An eyebolt is screwed through what will later be a trunnel hole in a plank below the new plank, and another one is screwed in well above the plank.  A rope is tied to that eye.

The ring staff starts off sitting on the deck within easy reach.  When the plank is brought up to the boat, the ring staff is picked up and the lower end is dropped into the ring.  The upper end is tied in place, and now the plank is trapped between the boat and the staff.  This is a very solid thing to hold the plank up.  So solid, in fact, that we drive wedges between the staff and the plank to force the plank tight up against the frames.

The other big dog in our kennel is the lagged clamp.  This is a large C clamp that has one side of the C replaced with a heavy duty lag bolt.  We drill a hole in the frame just above the plank we’re working on, and thread this beast into it.

We can then use the Acme-threaded screw to apply clamping pressure.  This is particularly handy at the ends of the boat where the curve of the hull may make it impossible to set up a ring staff. Continue reading